Beta-carotene and age related macular degeneration (AMD):
Beta-carotene plus other antioxidants for age related macular degeneration (AMD): Antioxidants have been shown to reduce the progression of age related macular degeneration (AMD) once it occurs. The antioxidants taken as part of the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) included vitamin C, 500 mg; vitamin E, 400 IU; beta carotene, 15 mg; and zinc, 80 mg as zinc oxide with 2 mg of cupric oxide. Copper was added to prevent copper deficiency which can occur with high dose zinc intake. Subjects were followed for almost 7 years. A beneficial reduction of AMD progression was observed among subjects with Categories 3 and 4 AMD. There was no significant change seen in mild AMD subjects (Category 1 or 2) compared to placebo. The highest protective effect was seen the supplement treatment groups taking zinc plus antioxidants. OR=0.63 (99% CI; 0.44-0.92). The antioxidants have not yet been shown to prevent the development of AMD nor did they have any benefit in development of cataracts. (6)