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Kidney Disease
Diagnosis of kidney disease:
Acute kidney injury, formally known as acute renal failure, is diagnosed once it meets the following criteria: The 3 major criteria used to determine presence of acute kidney injury is as follows (2). (Further criteria used to stage more severe acute kidney injury will not be discussed here.)
Risk, Injury, and Failure, Loss, and End-stage kidney disease criteria (RIFLE): Increase in creatinine over 50% within 7 days or less.
Kidney Disease/Improving Global Outcomes criteria (KDIGO): Increase in creatinine by 0.3 mg/dL in 48 hours or over 50% within 7 days or less.
Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria (AKIN): Increase in creatinine by 0.3 mg/dL or over 50% within 48 hours or less.
Chronic kidney disease is diagnosed once the following criteria are met (3):
Over 3 months with a glomerular filtration rate of under 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2, over 3 months of elevated urine albumin or over 3 months of radiographic kidney abnormalities according to the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF-KDOQI) in 2002 and endorsed by the Kidney Disease, Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) in 2004.
