Pre-renal failure:
Conditions related to low blood volume or low perfusion states such as heart failure, liver disease, dehydration, blood loss, and diarrhea may result in renal failure. Treatment of the underlying cause is indicated. Dehydration should be avoided at all times by drinking adequate water unless fluid restriction is necessary for heart failure or other conditions. For severe dehydration such as in heat illness, or infectious diarrhea, a rehydration regimen with 4-8 ounces of water alternating with the same amount of Gatorade or Pedialyte may be consumed every 5-10 minutes with use of a timer if necessary over the course of 2 hours. This regimen allows rehydration promptly while reducing nausea which often accompanies illness. If oral fluid intake is not possible in setting of severe dehydration, intravenous fluids are required.