Cholesterol, High Cholesterol

The relation between red wine (polyphenolic extracts) and risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease was examined in this European project FAIR CT 97 3261. Results from a study of 40 healthy volunteers in Barcelona showed a significant increase in HDL cholesterol levels and a decreased oxidation of LDL cholesterol after red wine consumption (30 g alcohol daily for 4 weeks) as compared to the same amount of alcohol given as spirit such as vodka, whiskey, gin, tequila, and rum. (71)

The effects of dealcoholized red wine (DRW) and regular red wine (RW) on risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in 45 hypercholesterolemic (high cholesterol level) postmenopausal women were analyzed. Participants were randomized to 400 mL/day of either water, DRW or RW for 6 weeks on a controlled diet following a 4-week washout. At the end of the study period, concentrations of fasting lipids, lipoproteins, insulin and glucose were unaffected by DRW intake. However, chronic consumption of RW significantly decreased LDL cholesterol concentrations by 8% and increased HDL cholesterol concentrations by 17%.  In summary, regular consumption of red wine reduces CVD risk by improving fasting LDL and HDL levels in hypercholesterolemic postmenopausal women. (72)