Beta carotene intake in the form of vegetables was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular and cancer mortality and with a lower risk for death from all causes (29).
For more information, please see beta-carotene section of Preventive Health Advisor.
Vitamin D, stroke, cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality:
For more information, please see vitamin D section of Preventive Health Advisor.
Maintain favorable levels of vitamin D in all patients with any risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Vitamin D is not established as a direct cause of cardiovascular disease, but vitamin D deficiency is associated with a higher incidence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus type 2 (30).