A meta-analysis was done of multiple case-control and cohort studies looking at intake of fruits or vegetables and compared this to cancer risk. Researchers analyzed studies between 1973 and 2001. A large number of studies assessed the results for different cancer sites individually. There was a significant reduction in risk for esophageal, lung, stomach and colorectal cancers found with both fruit and vegetable consumption. There was a reduced risk of bladder cancer seen with fruit consumption but not vegetables. The estimates of relative risk from the cohort studies suggested a protective effect of fruits and vegetables for many types of cancers. (37)
